Machine for producing gummed web



Feb. 28, 1933. W B 1,899,655

MACHINE FOR PRODUCING GUMMED WEB Filed Dec. 30, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet l L- ATTORNEY Feb; 28, 1933. A. s. WEBSTER MACHINE FOR PRODUCING GUMMED WEB Filed De c.

30, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet d a/3% a 4/ ATTORNEY.

Feb. 28, 1933.

A. S. WEBSTER MACHINE FOR PRODUCING GUMMED WEB Filed Dec. 30, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Feb. 28, 1933 UNITED srArss earner curios I m-qmacwlmmmn ALBERT s. WEBSTER, 0F OTTAWA, ONTARIO, cAivanA, .essrenor. ro AMERICAN BANK' NOTE- QOMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A COBPGRATION OF NEW YORK Macrame ronrnonuome GUMMED wnn Application fiiedrecember a0, 1930. Serial nouscaeai.

My invention relates to a machine, for

producing gummed web, and more particu-f larly to a machine operative upon a wide web of paper having upon one face thereof a coating of dry gum adhesive.

Prior to my invention, in the making of impressions of postage stamps and similar manufacturing methods when producing a web of gummed'paper which will avoid curling of the paper of the web. 7

In some printing machines in whichimpressions are made upon a paper web produced by the methods last above referred to, it is the practice to separate the web into separate sheets followingthe making of the impression and prior to the delivery of the completed work to a delivery mechanism forming a part of the press. It has been found that while there is little or no tendency of the web to curl as a result of the process of applying the adhesive thereto, when the web is separated into sheets, there is a tendency of the paper in some of the sheets to curl in a manner to cause the turning of the forward corners of the sheet as it is entering the delivery mechanism, thus hecessitating further treatment of the sheet in order to have it flat. This treatment is troublesome with a sheet that is already gummed.

To avoid the above condition, I provide a machine through which the web is passed following the drying of the gum upon one surface thereof, the action of which machine will be to so act upon the gum as to prevent all surface tension therefrom upon the paper,

5' thus compensating for any irregularities in the condition of all parts of the'webdue to variation in the quantity of gum adhesive applied to different portions thereof when subjecting the web to the gum applying process. The method employed in producing such gummed web ordinarilyavoids the possibility of curl throughout a-large'portion of the web, but when separating a webinto sheets following the making of the impression upon the web, the curling of occasional 1 sheets will sometimes occurand this has been a source OfcOnsiderable annoyance and ex- Pense. The machine of the invention is designed more particularly to so condition a web as to prevent wastage'or loss resulting from the curling of such occasional sheets.

' The machine of the invention is so constructeclas to have a breaking action upon the gum obliquely of thelongitudinal centerof the web, practice having demonstrated that the curling action above referred to is not transversely of the web, but a rolling action of the corner of the paper obliquely of the web. The method of producing the paper is such as to avoid any great likelihood of the curling of. the paper transversely of the Web, as evidencedby the bulging of the web centrally thereof or parallel with the I opposite edges.

ever, tobe a surface tension upon the paper obliquely ofthe longitudinal center of the web which develops only when short sec- There would appear, howtions are cut from the web. It is the relief of such surface tension which the machine of the present application is designedeto v effect. 7 f p g The construction of the machine issuch as to permit the previously guinmed web tobe drawn in a straight line therethrough, the

web being unwound from one reel and rewound upon another reel. Suitable guides are provided to direct the course of the web through the machine, and during the travel of the web it is subjected-to the action of breaker lades set obliquely to the line of travel of the web, each of these blades being provided with suitable tensioning rollers up on opposite sides thereof extending parallel with the blade.

The tendency of one set of rollers and the breaker blade associated therewith s to impart lateral movement to theweb n one d1 rectzon, while that of the other rollers and the blade associated therewith is-to impart a bracket 16 upon said bearing.

lateral movement to the web in the opposite direction. The effect of one set of rollers and one blade to divert the web from a straight run is counteracted by the effect of the other rollers and other blade, thus subjecting the web not only to the effects of a sharp bending action across an obliquely set blade but to peculiar pulling stresses as a result of the combined action of the two sets of rollers and the blade associated with each set. As a result of this action, all of that surface tension which would tendto curl the corners of sheets separated from the Web is so relieved as to avoid the difliculties above referred to.

The invention consists primarily in a machine for producing gummed web embodying therein a suport for a reel of gummed web, a rewind mechanism, guide rollers between and parallel with said support and said rewind mechanism, a plurality of oppo- .sitely pitched breaker blades intermediate said guide rollers extending obliquely to the line of travel of the web, and guide rollers parallel with and positioned upon opposite sides of and above the operative edge of said blades respectively; and in such other novel features of construction and combination of parts as are hereinafter set forth and de scribed, and more particularly pointed out in the claims hereto appended.

Referring to the drawings,

f 1 is a side view of a machine embody- -1ng the invention; 7

' chine is shown at 10. At one end of this frameis a support for a reel of gummed web, and at the other end thereof is a re wind mechanism. The support for the reel of gummed web comprises a shaft 11 adapted to receive a spool carrying the reel of web. which shaft is mounted in open bearings 12 and 13 upon opposite sides of the machine.

' The bearing 12 may be adjusted longitudinally of the machine by means of set screws 14 passing through elongated slots in the web of said bearing, and a feed screw 15 co-operating with a screw threaded opening in a The feed screw 15 is rotatably mounted in a bearing plate 17 mounted upon one end of the frame The shaft 11 carries at one end thereof a grooved roller 18 receiving a feather blade 19 slidable upon a guide 20 and acted upon by a feed screw 21 mounted in a bearing plate 22 carried by said guide 20. By means of the feed screws 15 and 21 the shaft 11 may receive slight angular adjustment or longitudinal adjustment so asto ensure a proper run of the gummed web from a reel 23 secured to the shaft 11.

The rewind mechanism comprises a shaft 24 slidably and rotatably mounted in a vertically extending slot 25 in the end frame 26 of the machine.

, The spool 27 upon which the web is rewound is removably secured to the shaft 24. The power for drawing the web through the machine and rewinding it upon the spool 27 is derived from a friction roller 28 driven by means of a gear train 29 and a belt and pulley 3O driven fromany. desired source of power indicated at 81. t v

Also mounted in the slot 25 is a weighted roller 32. Mounted upon the arbors ofthe weighted roller 32 are fittings 33 connected with which are flexible connections 34 each passing over a sheave 35 to a drum 36, car- I ratchet wheel 42 co-operating with which is a dog 43 pivoted at 44. I I

The slot 25 is provided with a horizontally extending enlargement 45 for the reception of the arbors of'the roller 32 while the operator is mounting or removing a spool for a rewind reel in or from the machine.

The rewound reel is indicated at 46.

To ensure the delivery of the web from the reel 46 to the printing couple of a printing machine, with the gummed surface presented toward the impression cylinder or 'D-roll and the ungummed surface toward the plate cylinder, while at the same time presenting the ungummed surface of the paper toward the breaker blades, I provide a particular arrangement of guide rollers, the sole function of which is to direct the paper in its run through the machine of the invention. The guide rollers immediately above referred to all extend parallel with the axes of the shafts l1 and 24.

The paper Web in its run from the-reel 24 passes about the guide rollers 47 and 48 carried by the standard 49. From the roller 48, the web passes under the guide roller 50. After leaving the breaker blades and the mechanisms associated therewith, the web passes over the guide rollers 51 and 52, under and about the guide roller 58 to the friction rgller 28 and the web wound upon the spool 2 v The paper when in the reel 24 has the gummed surface thereof presented outwardthe gummed surface ispresented outwardly. In the rewound reel 46, the gummed-surface is presented outwardly. This condition is determined by the requirements of thep'rinting machine in which the web is to be used, and may be varied with a change of the conditions of use of the web. The condition of the gum upon the web is no factor since this is dry and non-tacky when it is wound inthe reel 24.

Between the rollers and 51, I provide two oppositely pitched breaker blades 54 and extending transversely of the frame 10 and obliquely of the axes of the shafts 11 and 24. The angle of the oblique blades as shown in the drawings, is approximately 22 and it has been found that any substantial departure from'this angledoes not give entirely satisfactory results. The use of breaker blades extending parallel with the axes of the shafts 11 and 24 has been'found to be unsuccessful in preventing the curling of the corners of the sheets in the manner heretofore referred to. I

It has also been found necessary to pro-.

vide the breaker blades 54 and 55 with a very thin edge, although one not sharp enough to cut the paper. Theblades 54 and 55 are detachable from the machine so as to permit the restoration of the edge thereof from time to time. The blades 54 and 55 are pitched vertically or set at an angle to the perpendicular of the plane of the web in its run through the ,ma chine. The vertical. pitch of the blade 54 is downwardly and toward the supply reel 24 and that of the blade 55 is downwardly and toward the rewind reel 27 as shown more particularly in Fig. 5.

On opposite sides of the blade 54 parallel therewith and positioned above the operative edge of said blades are guide rollers 56 and 57. Upon opposite sides of the blade 55 parallel therewith and positioned above the operative edge thereof are guide rollers 58 and 59.

The axes of the rollers 50 and 51 are positioned above the axes of the rollers 56, 57, 58 and 59. 1

The operation of the herein described machine is substantially as follows When starting a run of the machine, a reel of web 23 is secured to the shaft 11, and the shaft is mounted in the bearings 12 and 13 so as to turn freely; from the reel 23 and passed between the standard 49 and the guide roller 47, over and about the guide roller 48, under the guide roller 50, over the guide roller 56, across the edge of the breaker blade 54, over the guide rollers 57 and 58, under and across the bTEfller blade 55, over the roller 59 and the guide rollers 51 and 52, under the guide roller 53, over the friction drive roller 28 and abou the spool 27 which is seoured'to the shaft 24.

The web is unwound WhensO threading the web through the ma- I chine, the weighted roller 32 is. raised by the The endof the web is drawn through the machine by hand and several convolutions thereof are passed about the spool 27. The

weight 32 is then allowed to descend so as to rest upon the web wrapped about the spool 27, the combined weight of the spooland the roller 32 developing sufficient friction between the web upon the spool and thefriction roller 28, to rotatethe shaft 24. The'use of the friction roller causes the web'to travel at uniform speed irrespective of the constant changing diameter of the web upon the spool.

When the above conditions are established, power is applied to the gear29, thus turning the spool 27 in a manner to drawxtheweb. from the supply reel 23 and across the various guide rollers and breaker blades positioned between said supply reel and the rewind mechanism. As the diameter of the roll of web upon the spool 27 increases, the shaft 24 rises in the slot 25.

Thebending ofthe gummed strip passing about the various guide rollers 47, 48, 50, 51,

52 and 53 does not have any'efi'ect upon the surface tension due to the presence of gum v upon one side of the web, since the web treat.-

ed in the machine, is produced by methods avoiding'possibility of the transverse curling of the web, ordinarily characteristic of gummed paper. Y

The rollers 56 and 57 serve to control and direct'the runof the paper adjacent the breaker blade 54, such rollers having a tendencyfto impart lateral movement to the web notwithstanding the direct longitudinal stress applied to the web-by the spool 27 of the rewind reel. In passing across the edge of the breaker blade 54 the gum upon the under surface of the web is subjected to sharp bend in a line obliquely to the longitudinal center of the web and has the effect of destroying the coherence of the granular particles of gum by an abrupt stretching thereof, particularly adjacent the opposite edges of the web, so as to relievethat surface tension which, when a sheet is separated from the web, results in the curling of the corners of such sheet.

The roller 56 not only diverts the run of the paper so as to bring it parallel with the edge of the breaker blade 54,but applies lateral stress to the gummed surface of the paper, slippage occurring between this gummed surfaceand the roller. a 7 There is no movement of the paperjin relation to the blade 54, but after leavingthis blade the gummed surface is again subjected to the same stresses to which it was subjected this exception, that while the stresses to which the paper and the gum are subjected while being acted upon by the blade 54 and the rollers 56 and 57 are at one angle, the

corresponding stresses to which the paper and gum are subjected by the blade and the rollers 58 and 59 are at a reverse angle. The result is that the cohesion of the gum granules is broken or weakened along lines intersecting the corners of sheets which are cut from the web, and along parallel lines throughout the length of the web, thus substantially destroying every tendency of the corners of such sheets to curl following their separation from the web, and prior to their entering the delivery mechanism of the printing machine.

The breaking or weakening of the cohesion of the gum granules obliquely of the ,length of the web, in the manner above described, permits the cutting of sheets from any part of the web, there being no certainty as to the point of the web along which it may be initially out, since in starting a run of the press with a fresh roll of web, the web in threading it through the press,

may be drawn from the reel to any extent required to ensure the initial impression being made upon a part of the web which is in proper condition. Furthermore, during a run of the press, it may be necessary to rethread the machine as a result of mutilation of the web.- The web, along the opposite edges thereof particularly, seems to be subjected to complex stresses while passing through the machine of the invention, which stresses seem to effect the structure of the gum itself and also the relation of the paper and the gum.

As heretofore stated, the gummed web upon the supply reel 23 has little or no tendency to curl transversely of the web; The paper, however, seems to be subjected obliquely of the longitudinal center of the web to stresses which have no tendency to curl the web laterally thereof, but have a tendency to cause the corners of separated sheets to curl, although this condition does not seem to be uniform throughout the web since this occurs only as to occasional sheets.

The subjection of the web to a breaker blade extending at right angles to the longitudinal center of the web does not relieve these stresses, and I have found it necessary to use the obliquely set breaker blades and their-associated rollers in order to correct theconditions above referred to. I have also found that any material variation in the degree of angularity of the breaker blades and their associated rollers from that described does not secure thedesired effect, the best results being secured when these blades and rollers are directed at an angle of approximately 22 as described.

It is not my intention to limit the invention to the precise details'of construction shown in the drawings, it being apparent that such may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

I Having described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to have protected by Letters Patent, is I 1; A machine for producing gummed web embodying therein a support for a reel of gummed web, a rewindv mechanism, guide rollers between and parallel with said support and said rewind mechanism, a plurality of oppositely pitched breaker blades intermediate said guide rollers extending obliquely to the line of travel of the web, and guide rollers parallel with and positioned upon opposite sides of'and above the operative edge of said blades respectively;

2. A machine for producing gummed web embodying therein a support fora reel of gummed web, a rewind mechanism, guide rollers'between and parallel with said support and said rewind mechanism, a plurality of oppositely pitched breaker blades intermediate said guide rollers extending obliquely to the line of travel of the web, said blades having a very thin edge engaging the paper, and guide rollers parallel with and positioned upon opposite sides of and above the operative edge of said blades respectively.

3. A machine for producing gummed web embodying therein a support for a reel of gummed web, a rewind mechanism, guide rollers between and parallel with said support and said rewind mechanism, a plurality of oppositely pitched breaker blades intermediate said guide rollers extending obliquely to the line of travel of the web, said blades being set at an angle to the perpendicue lar downwardly and toward said support, and guide rollers parallel with and positioned upon opposite sides of and above the operative edge of said blades respectively.

4. A machine for producing gummed web embodying therein a support for a reel of gummed web, a rewind mechanism, guide rollers between and parallel with said support and said rewind mechanism, a plurality of oppositely pitched breaker blades intermediate said guide rollers extending obliquely to the line of travel of the web, said blades having a very thin edge engaging the paper and being set at an angle to the perpendicular downwardly and towardsaid support and said rewind mechanism respectively, and guide rollers parallel with and positioned upon opposite sides of and above the operative edge of said blades respectively.

5. A machine for producing gummed web embodying therein a support for a reel of gummed web, a rewind mechanism, guide rollers above said support, a plurality of oppositely pitched breaker blades intermediate said guide rollers extending obliquely to the line of travel of the web, guide rollers paral- 121 with and positioned upon opposite sides of and above the operative edge of said blades respectively, a guide roller below the guide rollers above said support and adjacent the guide rollers parallel with one of saidbreaker blades, guide rollers adjacent said other breaker blade, and a guide roller below said rewind mechanism, all of said guide rollers 1 excepting those upon opposite sides of said breaker blades having their axes parallel with said support and said rewind mechanism.

6. A machine for producing gummed web embodying therein a support for a reel ,of gummed web, a rewind mechanism comprising a shaft slidably and rotatably mounted in a vertically extending slot in an end frame of the machine, a power driven friction roller below said shaft and in operative engagement with the web upon a spool carried by said shaft, and a weighted roller mounted in the slot engageable with the top of said web,

, guide rollers between and parallel with said support and said rewind mechanism, a plurality of oppositely pitched breaker blades intermediate said guide rollers extending obliquely to the line of travel of the web, and guide rollers parallel with and positioned upon opposite sides of and above the operative edge of said bades respectively,

7. A machine for producing gummed web embodying therein a support for a reel of gummed web, a rewind mechanism comprising a shaft slidably and rotatably mounted in a vertically extending slot in an end frame of the machine, a power driven friction roller of the machine, a power driven friction roller below said shaft and in operative engagement with the web upon a spool carried by said shaft, a weighted roller mounted in said-slot, engageable with the topof said web, fittings carried by the arbors of said roller, flexible connections connected with said fittings and with drums, gearing operative upon said drums, a ratchet operative with said gearing,

gummed web comprising a shaft, bearings rece1v1ng said shaft, a grooved wheel earned by said shaft, a slidable feather co-operating with said wheel, a feed screw operative upon, said feather, a feed screw operative upon one a of said bearings, and means whereby said bearing may be secured in any adjusted position, a rewind mechanism, guide rollers between and parallel with said support and said rewind mechanism, a plurality of oppositely pitched breaker blades intermediate said guide rollers extending obliquely to the line of travel of the web, and guide rollers parallel with and positioned upon opposite sides of and above the operative edge of said blades respectively.

In witness whereof I have my signature, this 19th day of December,

ALBERT S. WEBSTER.

below said shaft and in operative engagement 7 with the web upon a spool carried by said shaft, and a weighted roller mounted in said slot, engageable with the top of said web,

7 guide rollers between and parallel with said support and said rewind mechanism, a plurality of oppositely pitched breaker blades intermediate said guide rollers extending obliquely to the line of travel of the web, said blades having a very thin edge engaging the paper and being set at an angle to the perpendicular downwardly and toward said support and said rewind mechanism respectively, and guide rollers parallel with and positioned upon opposite sides of and above the opera-' tive edge of said blades respectively.

8. A machine for producing gummed web embodying therein a support for a-reel of gummed web, a rewind-mechanism comprising a shaft slidably and rotatably mounted in a vertically extending slot in an end frame hereunto aflixed 

